1. What is a Solar Panel Output Calculator?

Definition: This calculator estimates the power output of a solar panel system based on panel wattage, solar irradiance, and system efficiency.

Purpose: It helps homeowners, solar installers, and engineers determine expected power generation from photovoltaic systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• Output — Power output (Watts)
• Wattage — Panel rated power (Watts)
• Irradiance — Solar radiation intensity (W/m²)
• Efficiency — System efficiency factor (0-1)

Explanation: The formula adjusts rated wattage by actual sunlight conditions and accounts for system losses through the efficiency factor.

3. Importance of Solar Output Calculation

Details: Accurate output estimation ensures proper system sizing, energy production forecasting, and return on investment calculations.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter panel wattage (W), solar irradiance (default 1000 W/m² for standard test conditions), and system efficiency (default 0.75). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is standard test condition irradiance?
A: 1000 W/m² is the standard irradiance used for panel ratings, equivalent to full sunlight at noon on a clear day.

Q2: What affects system efficiency?
A: Inverter losses, wiring losses, temperature effects, dirt on panels, and other factors reduce output below rated wattage.

Q3: How do I find local irradiance values?
A: Use solar maps or databases like NASA's POWER or NREL's PVWatts for location-specific irradiance data.

Q4: Can I calculate daily energy production?
A: Multiply hourly output by peak sun hours (typically 4-6 hours/day) to estimate daily Wh production.

Q5: Why divide by 1000 in the formula?
A: This normalizes the calculation since panel wattage is rated at 1000 W/m² irradiance.