Heat Pump Output Formula (Low Temperature):
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Definition: This calculator estimates the heat output of radiators when used with heat pumps at lower temperatures.
Purpose: It helps HVAC professionals and homeowners determine radiator performance with heat pump systems.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula adjusts the nominal output based on the actual temperature difference, accounting for non-linear heat transfer characteristics.
Details: Proper calculation ensures adequate heating capacity when using lower temperature heat pump systems compared to traditional boilers.
Tips: Enter the radiator's nominal output (at ΔT=50K) and the actual temperature difference (ΔT) expected during heat pump operation.
Q1: Why is the exponent 1.3 used in the formula?
A: The 1.3 exponent accounts for the non-linear relationship between temperature difference and heat output in radiators.
Q2: What's a typical ΔT for heat pump systems?
A: Heat pumps typically operate at ΔT of 30-45K compared to 50K for traditional boilers.
Q3: How do I find the nominal output?
A: The nominal output (at ΔT=50K) is usually specified in radiator technical documentation.
Q4: Does this work for all radiator types?
A: The formula works best for standard panel radiators. Fan-assisted radiators may have different characteristics.
Q5: Should I oversize radiators for heat pumps?
A: Yes, radiators for heat pump systems are typically 20-30% larger than for boiler systems due to lower operating temperatures.