1. What is a Solar Panel Energy Calculator?

Definition: This calculator estimates the energy output from solar panels based on their power rating, exposure time, and system efficiency.

Purpose: It helps homeowners, engineers, and renewable energy enthusiasts determine potential energy production from solar installations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( E \) — Energy output (watt-hours)
• \( P \) — Panel power rating (watts)
• \( t \) — Exposure time (hours)
• \( \eta \) — System efficiency (0-1)

Explanation: The panel's rated power is multiplied by exposure time and adjusted for real-world efficiency losses.

3. Importance of Solar Energy Calculation

Details: Accurate energy estimation helps in system sizing, cost analysis, and verifying if solar production meets energy needs.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the panel's rated power in watts, daily exposure time in hours, and system efficiency (default 0.85). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What affects solar panel efficiency?
A: Factors include panel quality, temperature, shading, dust, wiring losses, and inverter efficiency.

Q2: How do I find my panel's power rating?
A: Check the manufacturer's specifications (usually labeled as "Pmax" or "Rated Power" in watts).

Q3: What's typical system efficiency?
A: Most residential systems operate at 75-85% efficiency when accounting for all losses.

Q4: Should I use peak sun hours instead?
A: For more accurate results, use peak sun hours (equivalent full-power hours) rather than daylight hours.

Q5: How do I convert watt-hours to kWh?
A: Divide the result by 1000 (1 kWh = 1000 Wh).